Examples of techniques to elicit needs include the following:

·   Technology demonstrations

·   Interface control working groups

·   Technical control working groups

·   Interim project reviews

·   Questionnaires, interviews, and operational scenarios obtained from end users

·   Operational walkthroughs and end-user task analysis

·   Prototypes and models

·   Brainstorming

·   Quality Function Deployment

·   Market surveys

·   Beta testing

·   Extraction from sources such as documents, standards, or specifications

·   Observation of existing products, environments, and workflow patterns

·   Use cases

·   Business case analysis

·   Reverse engineering (for legacy products)

·   Customer satisfaction surveys

Examples of sources of requirements that might not be identified by the customer include the following:

·   Business policies

·   Standards

·   Business environmental requirements (e.g., laboratories, testing and other facilities, and information technology infrastructure)

·   Technology

·   Legacy products or product components (reuse product components)